.research-page { --article-width: 720px; }

.research-header .header-inner { min-height: 68px; }
.research-header .nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--ink); }

.research-hero { padding-block: clamp(30px, 3.4vw, 40px) 18px; }
.research-kicker { margin: 0 0 12px; color: var(--accent); font: 400 10px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.16em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.research-hero h1 { max-width: 920px; margin: 0; font-size: clamp(41px, 5vw, 56px); line-height: 1.01; }
.research-dek { max-width: 780px; margin: 17px 0 0; color: var(--body); font-size: clamp(18px, 1.8vw, 20px); line-height: 1.45; }
.research-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px 20px; margin: 18px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font: 400 9.5px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.11em; text-transform: uppercase; }

.research-cover { margin: 0 auto; }
.research-cover img { display: block; width: 100%; height: min(calc((100vw - 2 * var(--gutter)) * 4 / 11), 298px); border: 1px solid var(--line); object-fit: cover; object-position: center; }
.research-cover figcaption { margin-top: 10px; color: var(--faint); font: 400 8.5px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.08em; }

.research-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, var(--article-width)) 170px; justify-content: center; gap: 70px; padding-block: clamp(62px, 8vw, 96px); }
.research-body { min-width: 0; color: var(--body); font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.72; }
.research-body > p:first-child { color: var(--ink); font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.55; }
.research-body h2 { margin: 64px 0 18px; color: var(--ink); font-size: 35px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.12; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.research-body h3 { margin: 38px 0 12px; color: var(--ink); font: 600 15px/1.35 var(--sans); letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.research-body p { margin-bottom: 22px; }
.research-body a { color: var(--accent); border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 38%, transparent); }
.research-body ul, .research-body ol { margin: 0 0 25px; padding-left: 24px; }
.research-body li { margin-bottom: 9px; padding-left: 5px; }
.research-body code { font: 400 0.82em/1.5 var(--mono); }
.research-body pre { max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; margin: 27px 0; border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 18px 20px; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 4%, transparent); color: var(--ink); font: 400 12px/1.65 var(--mono); white-space: pre; }
.research-body pre code { font: inherit; }
.research-body blockquote { margin: 34px 0; border-left: 2px solid var(--accent); padding: 2px 0 2px 24px; color: var(--ink); font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.5; }

.anonymity-note, .research-callout { margin: 34px 0; border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 20px 22px; background: var(--field); }
.anonymity-note strong, .research-callout strong { display: block; margin-bottom: 7px; color: var(--accent); font: 500 9px/1.4 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.anonymity-note p, .research-callout p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; }

.attack-flow { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr)); align-items: stretch; margin: 32px 0; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); }
.attack-flow span { position: relative; display: grid; min-height: 88px; place-items: center; padding: 14px 12px; color: var(--ink); font: 400 9px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.07em; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase; }
.attack-flow span:not(:last-child) { border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.attack-flow span:not(:last-child)::after { position: absolute; z-index: 1; right: -7px; content: "→"; color: var(--accent); background: var(--page); font-size: 12px; }

.research-aside { align-self: start; position: sticky; top: 105px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 15px; }
.research-aside p { margin: 0 0 8px; color: var(--muted); font: 400 8.5px/1.55 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.09em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.research-aside strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }

.author-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; align-items: center; gap: 28px; margin-top: 68px; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 24px; }
.author-card p { margin: 0; }
.author-card strong { display: block; color: var(--ink); font-size: 21px; font-weight: 400; }
.author-card span { display: block; margin-top: 4px; color: var(--muted); font: 400 9px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.11em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.author-card a { color: var(--accent); font: 400 9px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; }

.research-next { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 54px 72px; }
.research-next a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; align-items: end; gap: 20px; }
.research-next small { display: block; margin-bottom: 9px; color: var(--muted); font: 400 9px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.research-next strong { display: block; max-width: 780px; font-size: clamp(27px, 4vw, 40px); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.12; }
.research-next b { color: var(--accent); font: 400 20px/1 var(--mono); }

.research-index { padding-block: clamp(72px, 10vw, 118px); }
.research-index h1 { margin: 0; }
.research-index-intro { max-width: 680px; margin: 24px 0 54px; color: var(--body); font-size: 20px; }
.research-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 0.8fr) 1.2fr; gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 64px); align-items: center; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 34px; }
.research-card:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.research-card img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover; }
.research-card-meta { margin: 0 0 10px; color: var(--muted); font: 400 9px/1.5 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.research-card h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(27px, 3.4vw, 39px); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.research-card-copy { margin: 14px 0 0; color: var(--body); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; }

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .research-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, var(--article-width)); }
  .research-aside { position: static; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 24px; order: -1; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding-bottom: 14px; }
  .research-aside p { margin: 0; }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .research-hero { padding-block: 28px 18px; }
  .research-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(36px, 10vw, 44px); }
  .research-dek { margin-top: 15px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.45; }
  .research-meta { margin-top: 16px; }
  .research-layout { padding-block: 52px 70px; }
  .research-body { font-size: 17px; }
  .research-body > p:first-child { font-size: 20px; }
  .research-body h2 { margin-top: 52px; font-size: 31px; }
  .research-body pre { margin-inline: calc(-1 * var(--gutter)); border-inline: 0; padding-inline: var(--gutter); font-size: 10.5px; }
  .attack-flow { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .attack-flow span { min-height: 58px; }
  .attack-flow span:not(:last-child) { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .attack-flow span:not(:last-child)::after { right: auto; bottom: -9px; transform: rotate(90deg); }
  .author-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; }
  .research-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 22px; }
}

@media print {
  .research-aside, .research-next { display: none; }
  .research-layout { display: block; }
  .research-body { max-width: 100%; }
}